Understanding, gently.
Simple answers to the most common questions about bipolar disorder, and a space to write to us.
Write to usFrequently asked questions
Click a question to reveal the answer.
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It is a mood disorder marked by significant shifts in mood, energy and activity: periods of elevated mood (mania or hypomania) alternate with periods of depression, separated by phases of more stable mood.
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Type 1 involves at least one full manic episode. Type 2 involves depressive episodes and milder hypomanic episodes, without full mania. Both need ongoing care.
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Greatly reduced need for sleep, abundant energy, racing thoughts, rapid speech, inflated self-confidence, irritability, unusual spending or risk-taking.
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Persistent sadness, loss of interest or pleasure, heavy fatigue, sleep and appetite changes, trouble concentrating, feelings of guilt or worthlessness.
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By a doctor, usually a psychiatrist, based on a detailed interview, personal and family history, and how symptoms evolve over time. No single blood test or scan can diagnose it.
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It can be treated and stabilised: treatment (mood-stabilising medication, psychotherapy, psychoeducation) helps many people live full lives. It is a long-term condition that needs regular follow-up.
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Keep regular sleep hours, limit alcohol and stimulants, follow your treatment, learn your early warning signs (a mood diary can help) and protect a steady routine and supportive relationships.
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Listen without judging, learn about the condition, encourage medical follow-up without pressure, identify warning signs together, and look after yourself too: loved ones need support as well.
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There is a genetic component: risk is higher when a close relative is affected. But it is not inevitable — environment and lifestyle also play a part.
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Reach out for help right away. Call your local emergency number (112 in Europe, 911 in the US) or a crisis line (988 in the US). Do not stay alone — tell someone you trust.
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